Essay about Territorial Expansion - 1635 Words

Territorial Expansion Almost all people have, at one stage or another in their history felt and expressed the need to extend their territory and also to explain and justify their need both to the world and to themselves. ( John A. Hawgood, Manifest Destiny, p126) When North America was first being colonised in the early 17th century, the settlers made their home along the coasts of the ocean and the shores of the nearby rivers. Nevertheless, as the population kept growing, adventurers, trappers and many mores, started to move west, farther from waterways and from the Atlantic coast. Early westward expansion began#8230; However, it is in the first half of the 19th century that the United Sates gained most of its lands,†¦show more content†¦Indeed, at the beginning of the 19th century, the American population reached no more than 5.3 million people, among which approximately 7.3 % only, lived in the west. But throughout the East, the growing conviction that it was a land of potential riches and of opportunities start to emerge. Then, every following decade, and this for a period of 60 years or so, the population of the USA has increased by roughly 35 %. Consequently, by the 1860s, there were about 31.5 million inhabitants in the country, 49.2 % of which had settled in the American West. This population growth was of course the result of natural growth, but also of the dramatic European migration, immigrants fleeing from their country to seek new lands to own. Most of the times, these migrations were fostered by a desire for adventure, the image a New World and by the prospect of becoming rich (or at least richer than they were before). In 1830, immigration to the United States had reached more than 23,000 people per year. By 1840, it had raised to 84,000 people, more than a thousand per cent of the rate only twenty years before. Evidently, this increasing population gradually needed a place to live and the people began to settle far away from the Atlantic coast. First, the limits of this inland colonisation were the Appalachians. But as soon as the Royal Act lost its validity,Show MoreRelatedManifest Destiny And American Territorial Expansion Essay1323 Words   |  6 PagesMississippi River, coupled with t he knowledge that there was an abundance of land for new settlement west of the river, led to the ideology of expansionism; the ideology became simply known as Manifest Destiny. Manifest Destiny and American Territorial Expansion, written by Amy S. Greenburg, deeply explains the motivation of the individuals looking to expand their settlements westward. Since the time of publication, we have realized that we could have handled the situation, in which we removed theRead MoreEssay about Territorial Expansion 1800-18501104 Words   |  5 PagesFrom the years 1800-1850 the nation was full of battles and prosperity. Territorial expansion was a cause in most of the battles, but also gained prosperity for the nation. There were many impacts on national unity between those time periods, but the main impact was territorial expansion. This is true because of the Louisiana Purchase, the purchase of Oregon territory, and the Mexican War. The Louisiana Purchase was the most important event ofRead MoreFederal Government of the United States and Territorial Expansion1101 Words   |  5 Pagesheld by Puritans influence the political, economic, and social development of the New England colonies from 1630 through the 1660s? (Form B) 1. The issue of territorial expansion sparked considerable debate in the period 1800–1855. Analyze this debate and evaluate the influence of both supporters and opponents of territorial expansion in shaping federal government policy. 2009 DBQ: (Form A) From 1775 to 1830, many African Americans gained freedom from slavery, yet during the same periodRead MoreThe Chinese Expansion And Territorial Claims Within The South China Sea1038 Words   |  5 PagesThe Chinese expansion and territorial claims in the South China Sea is escalating tensions with surrounding countries and the United States. As the National Security Council summons to discuss this matter, I embrace the role of the Secretary of Defense. A brief explanation of this job is, â€Å"Under the President, who is also Commander in Chief, the Secretary of Defense exercises authority, direction, and control over the Department, which includes the separately organized military departments of ArmyRead Moremanifest destiny and territorial expansion dbq: to what extent did it unify the US825 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Document-Based Question 1 While Manifest Destiny and territorial expansion created conflict with foreign nations, including the Mexican-American War (1846-1848), and within the United States, it worked to unify the United States from 1830 to 1860 by strengthening the nation as a whole, creating economic opportunities for people from all different walks of life, and expanding the United States through the annexation of Texas and the acquisition of California from Mexico. The United States becameRead MoreComparison Of Obama s And Xi s Speeches1867 Words   |  8 PagesChina s growth†. Despite she fact she acknowledges that both countries can gain from cooperation in security, energy, economic issues; U.S.’s self-interests comes first. As China advocates for more international involvement, open market policies, territorial assurance from the U.S., the U.S. on the other hand strives to maintain its position in global leadership and interest because it still considers China as a threat, trying to seize China to prevent it from gaining excessive international power.Read MoreProposed Cities For Expansion Teams2045 Words   |  9 Pagesmore fans in new places. In an effort to grow their franchise, the NHL has been known to add expansion teams. The league started in 1942 with just six teams known as â€Å"The Original Six† and has expanded to 30 teams since then with the last teams being added in 2000 (Various). Sixteen years after the last expansion teams were added, the league is looking to add more. There are four proposed cities for expansion teams: Las Vegas, Seattle, Quebec City, and a second team in Toronto. Just because a city isRead MoreEssay on Manifest Destiny and American Politics658 Words   |  3 Pagesduring this time frame was the idea of Manifest Destiny, or territorial expansion. Manifest Destiny was the idea that it was the United States’ destiny to take over all of North America from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Most of the public was in favor of territorial expansion, though some politicians felt it contradicted the constitution. Strict constructionists were against territorial expansion, while loose constructionists felt expansion was the United States’ destiny. Strict constructionistsRead MoreThe War Of The American Civil War856 Words   |  4 PagesSlavery may have been established as the catalyst of the American Civil War, but the beginning of the dispute began in the time of the Revolution with a weak decentralized government under the Articles of Confederation. Later gained momentum as territorial expansion set Americans against each other on debating whether the new states should be slave states or free states, it questioned the power of the Federal government regarding state rights, and brought about instability in the unity of the United StatesRead MoreEssay The Territorial Sxpansion of the United States in the 1840’s1022 Words   |  5 PagesThe Territorial Sxpansion of the United States in the 1840’s Throughout 1815 to 1860, the USA changed faster than in the previous 200 years. It was seen as the land of opportunities and masses of Europeans migrated to the USA. Population figures doubled every 25 years. The number of states rised from 18 in 1815, to 30 by 1860. The agrarian society was soon replaced by a growing capitalist and commercial economy and there were advancements in transport and communication

Essay on The Culture of the 1920s - 1817 Words

The Culture of the 1920s The Roaring Twenties started in North America and spread to Europe as the effects of World War I diminished. In Europe, the years following the First World War (1919-1923) were marked by a deep recession. Europe spent these years in rebuilding and coming to terms with the vast human cost of the conflict. Unlike in the aftermath of World War II, the United States did little to try to rebuild Europe. Instead, it took an increasingly isolationist stance (Answers, 2006). In Canada, an important economic transformation accelerated as Britain was wholly supplanted by the United States as Canadas main economic partner. By the middle of the decade, economic development started to soar in Europe and the Roaring†¦show more content†¦In the 1920s, the United States was in the middle of a revolution in the area of production. With a 64 percent increase in manufacturing; outputting per work hour around 40 percent. The most difficult to grasp was the sale of electricity and the consumption of fuel oil doubled. Americans were spread to their limits. Around 1922 and 1927, the economy grew by at least 7 percent a year. The 20s was a time of changing and reinventing. At this time some sports were just starting out, others were broadening their horizons, while others were simply becoming more popular. New heroes were emerging in sports, new teams, and even new leagues. In the 1920s, there were many famous movies and movie actors. This was a time when films really began to become a popular past time, to watch and to star in. Also a new music style came about in the roaring twenties called jazz. Sports went through many changes in the time period known as the roaring twenties. Sports, movies, and jazz became big in the recreational times of the 1920s. There are now over a million movie theaters, a ton of different sports leagues and teams, an uncountable number of golf courses and players, and plenty types of music. One finds this amazing how this all originated, in the Roaring Twenties. The Roaring Twenties were a time of wild enjoyment, loud music and booming economy. In 1920, for the first time in American history, moreShow MoreRelatedThe Counter Culture of the 1920s Essay1493 Words   |  6 PagesThe counter culture of the 1920’s has affected the way the American lifestyle is today. Counter culture is a culture that primarily consists of younger people, with values and lifestyles opposing those of the original established culture. (Dictionary.com) A need for change. The 1920’s are also known as the â€Å"Jazz Age,† which was coined by F. Scott Fitzgerald, and the â€Å"Roaring Twenties.† It was a decade of change. (Hakim, 41) The counterculture of the 1920’s resulted from the Age of Jazz, FlappersRead MoreEssay on American Culture in the 1920s1151 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the 1920’s sometimes referred to as the Jazz Age, America was taking its last final steps from the traditional period to new era of modernization . It was a time in which American popular culture reshaped itself in response to the urban, industrial, consumer- oriented society America was becoming (Brinkley 641). In this reshape two sides stood in defense of their beliefs, the traditionalist who wanted America to stay the same or go back to the way it was. Rebelling against the new customsRead MoreAmerican Culture Between The 1920 S2083 Words   |  9 PagesEver since Thomas Edison invented the Kinetiscope in 1894, films have been reaching its way to the heart of American culture. Since the roaring twenties, where the United States began to see the first movie theaters to the 1960’s, where films are officially a source of leisure and escape from reality. Films influenced American culture between the 1920’s through 1960’s by becoming an increasingly popular form of leisure for years to come while causing scandals, riots, and movements about films orRead MoreThe Birth of Mass Culture: The Rise of the Radio in the 1920s1888 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout the 1920’s, a new era of pop culture was ushered in as America recovered from its involvement in the First World War. Within this era, society was dominated by the desire to express oneself and live lavishly while free of structural constraint, and this new pursuit of freedom was displayed within the evolution of jazz, flapper fashions, and an increased obsession with entertainment. While each of these events undoubtedly played a role in shaping the pop culture of the twenties, one particularRead MoreEssay about Dbq 17: a National Clash of Cultures in the 1920’s968 Words   |  4 PagesDBQ 17: A National Clash of Cultures in the 1920’s With the arrival of the 1920’s, new battles fought between traditionalist rural society and modernist urban civilization arose in the postwar United States. These urban-rural culture wars of this time period represent the everlasting conflict between conservatives and liberals. The 1920 census demonstrated to traditionalists that their views were under attack by the modernists who gradually came to outnumber them. Traditionalists were disturbedRead MoreGender and Consumer Culture in France from the Late 1800’s Through the 1920’s1332 Words   |  6 Pagesconsumer culture in France is thought of the first thing that come to mind is high end clothing, fancy jewelry, expensive boutiques, and who could forget Louis Vuitton. The consumer culture of today in France is geared towards high-style, well dressed women but this was not always the case. This culture has been many years coming. Many changes in this consumer culture came about in the time periods surroundin g World War I. In this essay I will be tracing the change in women in the consumer culture inRead MoreHow the Family Roles Changed in Canadian Culture during the 1920s1464 Words   |  6 PagesThe 1920s was a changing time in Canadian culture and this affected everyone. The most effect could be felt on the family, and how responsibilities, duties and roles had changed. Men were coming home from the war, they had now seen things never thought possible and experienced things that will forever change them; they came home different. Women were at home waiting, excited, ready to move on and build to their families and continue their lives. Young girls were excited to have their father’s homeRead MoreRadio’s Impact during the 1920’s Essay965 Words   |  4 Pagesmany people were looking forward to good times. The 1920’s presented people with this time of fast-paced fun and adventure. Entertainment was the foremost part of everyday life during the 1920â€⠄¢s. Radio introduced a whole new practice of entertainment to people’s everyday lives. Likewise, through the utilization of the radio, people were able to experience a new medium to entertain themselves. Furthermore, the radio changed the face of society’s culture through its widespread use. In addition, radiosRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1138 Words   |  5 Pages The Roaring 20’s â€Å"There are only the pursued, the pursuing, the busy and the tired.† (F. Scott Fitzgerald. The Great Gatsby). This is a famous quote from Fitzgerald because this is what the 1920’s was about.The American Dream was about working hard for what you want and this quotes sums it up. Everybody in the 1920’s worked hard for what they had and wanted. The 1920’s was a time to remember. The 1920’s was known by so many names. For example the Jazz Age, Flappers, the ‘New† Women andRead MoreThe United States Of America Hit An All Time Low During The Roaring 20 s With The Presence Of954 Words   |  4 PagesCinevert 1 Outline The United States Of America hit an all-time low during the Roaring 20’s with the presence of prohibition and organized crime. I. The Jazz Age Jazz Music Dance Appliances II. The New Women KKK Flappers 19th Amendment III. Mass Culture More Spending Money .First Radio Affordable Consumer Product ( Automobile)

Business Culture in Italy Free Essays

Doing business abroad introduces international business people to differences in approaches to business, business etiquette and protocol. Although these may not be crucial to business proceedings they should not be dismissed as unnecessary. Cross cultural awareness can enhance the potential of the international business person’s trip considerably. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Culture in Italy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Let us look at a brief example: There are two business people each planning on doing business in Italy. Both have similar proposals. One ignores the possible impact of culture and concentrates their efforts on the business proposal. The other also invests time and energy in the proposal but in addition realises that doing business in Italy is a lot different to doing business in the UK or USA. They look into the business etiquette of Italy, the way in which meetings are conducted and negotiation styles. Nine times out of ten the latter of the two will have the advantage. They will be able to tailor their proposal and demeanour to gel better with the Italian way. In addition, they would endear themselves to the Italian hosts. This guide to doing business in Italy is designed as a brief introduction to areas business people should take into consideration before travelling to Italy. Doing Business – Etiquette Good manners and courtesy are prized qualities in Italy. When doing business in Italy ensure your conduct is always polished. There are etiquettes and protocols for many social and business situations, however, it is important to remember that Italians rate considerateness above behavioural formulas. When meeting and departing always shake hands. This is valid for both individuals and groups. After doing business in Italy for a period of time and building relationships do not be surprised if you are embraced when being met. This indicates the relationship has reached an intimate level. When doing business in Italy you will notice that little personal space is left between people when interacting. In addition, Italians are a tactile people. Moving away or keeping your distance may be interpreted as cold and unfriendly. If you are familiar with Italian, use the polite ‘lei’ form until a relationship is established, then use the more informal ‘tu’ form. When doing business in Italy, address people using ‘Signor’ (m) or ‘Signora’ (f) followed by their surname. ‘Dottore’ (m) or ‘Dottoressa’ (f) is used for those who have graduated. When doing business in Italy, dress to impress. It is no coincidence that Versace, Gucci, Prada and Dolce Gabbana are all Italian fashion houses. Italians like to make an impression with their clothes. What you wear speaks volumes about the kind of person you are. Doing Business – Punctuality Italians are usually relaxed around issues relating to time. Being late with a good reason will not have any negative consequences. However, deliberate lateness is considered sloppy and taking people’s time for granted is simply rude. When doing business in Italy err on the side of caution and aim to be punctual. Doing Business – Business Entertaining Hospitality plays a key role in Italian business culture. Invitations to lunch and dinner are to be expected when doing business there. At such occasions a small exclusive group will usually be present. Each attendee will have a particular interest in your visit. If you plan to host a meal, ask the most senior Italian contact who you should invite. Dining does have certain protocol in Italy. However, do not place too much emphasis on this as more time would be spent worrying about etiquette mistakes than enjoying the experience. Major etiquette tips are that the most honoured guest sits at the middle of the table or on the right of the host; the host always pays; pass dishes to the left; keep your knife in the right hand and fork in the left and do not answer phone calls at the table. Doing Business – Meeting and Negotiations Italians prefer to do business with someone they know. When doing business in Italy, use contacts and networks to introduce you before proceeding to set up meetings. To arrange a meeting write, in Italian, first. Follow this up with a phone call, fax or e-mail. The best time for meetings is between 10 – 11 a. m. and after 3 p. m. Avoid August as most businesses will run on skeleton staff due to holidays. Negotiations can be slow. Demonstrating a sense of urgency is seen as a sign of weakness. At the beginning of a meeting avoid business and concentrate on some small talk. Topics of discussion could include Italian culture, food, wine and football (soccer). Italians will take away proposals and analyse them carefully. Be sure to offer as much information as possible in written form for them to take away. A known Italian tactic is to dramatically change demands at the eleventh hour to unsettle or test the flexibility of their counterparts. Remain firm. Location: Southern Europe, bordering Austria 430 km, France 488 km, Holy See (Vatican City) 3. 2 km, San Marino 39 km, Slovenia 232 km, Switzerland 740 km Capital: Rome Climate: predominantly Mediterranean; Alpine in far north; hot, dry in south Population: 58,057,477 (July 2004 est. ) Ethnic Make-up: Italian (includes small clusters of German-, French-, and Slovene-Italians in the north and Albanian-Italians and Greek-Italians in the south) Religions: predominately Roman Catholic with mature Protestant and Jewish communities and a growing Muslim immigrant community Government: republic The Italian Language Italian is the official language of Italy, and 93% of population are native Italian speakers. Around 50% of population speak a regional dialect as mother tongue. Many dialects are mutually unintelligible and thus considered by linguists as separate languages, but are not officially recognised. Friulian, one of these dialects, is spoken by 600,000 people in the north east of Italy, which is 1% of the entire population. Other northern minority languages include Ladin, Slovene, German, which enjoys equal recognition with Italian in the province of Alto-Adige, and French, which is legally recognised in the Alpine region of the Val d’Aosta. Albanian is spoken by 0. 2% of the population, mainly in the southern part of Italy, as too are Croatian and Greek. Catalan is spoken in one city, Alghero, on the island of Sardinia, by around 0. 07% of the population. On the rest of the island, Sardinian is spoken by over 1m, which comes to 1. 7% of the Italian population. How to cite Business Culture in Italy, Essay examples

Personal Branding And Future Job Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Personal Branding And Future Job. Answer: Introduction Personal branding in the contemporary world largely means professional existence in the world of social media and hence it is important for every aspiring candidate to focus on developing a strong and impressive social media presence which would help them to get attention easily and quickly (Nolan, 2015). The present report on personal branding will show my personal interests and how I approach to develop my personal brand which would help to address the key objective of the assessment and help to complete the report successfully. Description of future job or business I have always been interested in media and arts. Advertisements have always interested me and to realise their power in this contemporary media world I have been attracted to media world for a long period of time now. I personally think I am a creative person and since middle school I had aspired to be attached with media somehow. Ad films are extremely important in the media as they run the entire media economy and hence there is a huge importance of ad marketing. Admarketing is important for almost every organisation and in this scenario it is important for the right person to choose the right concept for ad and get the right people to do the work. I find position of ad marketing manager pretty challenging and interesting and I also feel that it will help me to be achieve what I want to achieve in the future. Hence I want to work as a ad marketing manager in a reputed organisation where I will be able to implement my creativity and talent to convince clients, provide them with insi ghts about ad concepts so that companies get the best possible result from ad films (Brooks and Anumudu, 2016). After graduation I want to become an ad marketing manager. The advertising manager is an extremely crucial position as he or she has to oversee the designing of the advertisement, manage manpower, even control the outside agencies that are working on the same project, planning and implementing advertising campaigns accordingly and working on the feedbacks received. The advertising managers have to be graduates with substantial knowledge in media and management. The required skills for the advertising managers are: Excellent communication skills with the ability to speak listen and grasp the ideas. Ability to show creativity and make decisions which are suitable to the company. Has to have a creative personality. Effective leadership skills paired with management and supervisory ideas. Self Analysis From the self analysis I have realised that I do not have much effective presence in the online world. When I search my name in Google which is the biggest search engine in the world it shows similar results in the first couple of pages. But my profile doesnt seem to appear in Google in the first couple of pages. Nowadays it is important to be active in the online world and since I do not have suitable placement in Google the recruiters and organisations wouldnt consider me as a suitable prospect for the job I desire to get. Through a proper Google search I have found out that my placement in the search engine is not suitable and so, it is important to improve my profile in the online world (Khedher, 2015). Through a thorough self analysis with the help of Strength and weaknesses analysis that will help me to understand the negatives and positives in me which would help me to enhance my personal brand. The result of the SW analysis is given below: Strengths I am creative and hard working. I am a fast learner which helps me to learn things quickly and implement them effectively. Communication is also my strength along with written skills. I am a time manager and can do work effectively breaking up priorities effectively. I am easy going and team worker and hence can mingle with people and get the best out of them. Weaknesses Weaker leadership skills. I am rigid and I take a bit of time to absorb criticism which has been a problem for me. I suffer tension during crunch moment which at times hinders the performance. Weaker Analytical skills. The strengths and weaknesses play an important role. When strengths work positively then weaknesses work negatively for individuals. In my future job time management would be important to manage ad assignments. Since I am an effective time manager I would be able handle them properly but on the other hand since I experience tension during crunch moments it might hamper my performance and hence I will have to be much more focused and need to eliminate this negative issue. I am good with communication and hence could work effectively as a team worker. On the other hand I lack leadership skills which mean I wouldnt be able to organise the team properly even though I can communicate and try to get a suitable effort from them. I am not open to criticism which is one of the weaker points in me and hence I will have to manage it. On the other hand I am creative and I have lot of ideas which I could exploit to go up the corporate ladder in my trade. Building personal value proposition it could be said that I am creative and hardworking which is important in this industry. I am open to both small and large scale companies as I am open to different kinds of challenges. For instance at my college I have designed different advertisements for projects and other works which have been largely appreciated and this will help me to move ahead in my future (Rampersad, 2016). Social Networking profile The social networking profile is important to connect to a wider audience that enhances the possibilities of getting placed in a bigger organisation where there is excellent scope of using the creativity. Social media profiles are important in order to manage the personal brand effectively nowadays. The four key social networking profiles on which the investigation was done are Facebook, Linked IN, YouTube, and Twitter. In this case two social media platforms will be used to build the profile namely Facebook and Linked IN. Facebook is an amazing social networking site which is presently the easiest way to connect to a huge number of audiences personally and professionally and hence this has been chosen (Kleppinger and Cain, 2015). On the other hand Linked IN is completely a professional social media site which helps the prospect employees to connect to companies and hence this will be very effective for me. The profile will be excellently designed with the help of proper pictures and information with presentations that will help the viewers to get the idea about me as an individual and my talent. It will be short, precise and coherent with positive detail about my personal brand which would be relevant to personal branding value proposition (Johnson, 2017). Conclusion and Recommendations To conclude the report it could be said that it is important to realise the importance of personal branding which would help to make sure value proposition is there for the employers. It I important to develop strong profile in the social media like Facebook and Linked IN et cetera which would help to make sure positive response is received from the prospect employers. Overall to conclude it is important to maintain a strong personal brand to be successful as a Advertisement manager (Saltzman, 2015). The possible changes that could be made are: Constant assessment of Management of strengths and weaknesses. Working on the negatives and engaging in meditation to eliminate negativity accept criticism. Regularly manage the social media profile and release content in order to be active in the online market. Try and focus on the visual medium as well with other social media sites to provide viewers with possible visual information. Working on the leadership skills through possible theoretical and practical information (Schawbel, 2015). References Brooks, A.K. and Anumudu, C., 2016. Identity Development in Personal Branding Instruction: Social Narratives and Online Brand Management in a Global Economy.Adult Learning,27(1), pp.23-29. Johnson, K.M., 2017. The Importance of Personal Branding in Social Media: Educating Students to Create and Manage their Personal Brand.International Journal of Education and Social Science,4(1). Khedher, M., 2015. A brand for everyone: Guidelines for personal brand managing.Journal of Global Business Issues,9(1), p.19. Khedher, M., 2015. An inspiring resource for developing personal branding phenomena.The Marketing Review,15(1), pp.117-131. Kleppinger, C.A. and Cain, J., 2015. Personal digital branding as a professional asset in the digital age.American journal of pharmaceutical education,79(6), p.79. Nolan, L., 2015. The impact of executive personal branding on non-profit perception and communications.Public Relations Review,41(2), pp.288-292. Rampersad, H.K., 2016.Be the CEO of your life: The ultimate authentic personal branding formula for standing out from the crowd. Global Vision Publishing House. Saltzman, B.S., 2015. Why Personal Branding Is Essential to Career Success.Fast Company. Available online: https://www. fastcompany. com/3048401/how-to-be-a-success-at-everything/why-personalbranding-is-essential-to-career-success [Accessed 15 April 2016]. Schawbel, D., 2015. Personal Branding Blog.

Immorality In Television Essays - Rating, Behavior, Media Studies

Immorality in Television Matchmaker.com: Sign up now for a free trial. Date Smarter! Immorality in Television Vulgarity in Television In the early years of television people where much more sensitive to what was said and took offense to any form of obscene language. Even in the movies it was unacceptable. However, for many the standard for the use of vulgar language has expanded. In many shows on television vulgar words are used way to often. In many cases unnecessarily. These words do not bother me in the least. However, there are many parents with young children who are offended by this. This would not such a big deal if only the shows that carried these vulgarities would be shown later at night, as they where for many years. Also, most of the programs are not correctly rated to warn of there content. Besides using the basics of the swear words some programs take it to a different level. Instead of using the words themselves they use a form of slang in order to get around the censors. Although these words are not the same as the ones commonly used, they do share the same meaning. By having these programs use these words they are encouraging the children to use a new language that there parents do not understand. And because the parents do not understand the words the children then think it is all right to use profanity. Profanity in television is not so much a problem as it is an annoyance. It makes television more interesting to watch and can occasionally make a situation more humorous, but I do not enjoy it when a five-year-old calls their parents a-- holes to there face. Rating System Recently introduced to all the television shows is the new rating system. This system was implemented to warn about the kind of shows on television. The system tells whether the show is to mature for young children. However, does the system still have flaws? Although it does give an idea as to what the show contains, it does not tell as to the extent to which it is. An example would be the television show "Strangers with Candy." This program is extremely crude with little humor. Normally I enjoy crude humor, but this show is gross. It contains vulgarity, drug use, and sexually references. And to top it off the show is at 10:00. Shows like this should not be viewed any time. My point of bringing this up is to show how lose the system is. I believe that it should be remolded to a different, more precise version of what it is. The current rating system is as follows: TV-Y--This program is appropriate for all children. TV-Y7-- Directed to children age seven and above. May include mild physical or comedic violence, or may frighten children under age seven. Categories for programs directed at entire audience: TV-G-- Suitable for all ages. Contains little or no violence, no strong language and little or no sexual dialogue or situations. TV-PG.-- Parental Guidance Suggested. May contain infrequent coarse language, limited violence and some suggestive sexual dialogue and situations. TV-14-- Parents Strongly Cautioned. May contain sophisticated themes, sexual content, strong language and more intense violence. TV-M-- Mature Audiences Only. Unsuitable for children. May contain mature themes, profane language, graphic violence and explicit sexual content. Sexually Themes and Drug Use The limitations of sex in television as far been expanded since when the television first became popular. In the past twenty years shows have been made which prove my point. Lately on television their has been much leniency towards this subject. Shows such as "N.Y.P.D. Blues" and "Beverly Hills 90210" constantly try to see how far the can take a situation before they agitate the censors. Once again it does not bother me to see these things, but when thinking about it I really would not approve of my younger sister to see these things. Another blight on television would be the use of drugs. Unlike vulgarity and sex I really do have a problem with drug use. There is really no use for it on television and I would prefer to never see it. Although I am totally against it really do think that their is a difference between seeing someone spark a joint and watching them stick their arms with a dirty needle. It is my opinion that if young children see this they will become curious and want to experiment. And if this happens they will someday be eating a steady diet of government cheese and be living in a van down by the river. Subliminal Messages in Television Although this subject is often overlooked it

Information systems implementation The WritePass Journal

Information systems implementation Introduction Information systems implementation IntroductionProject managementProject managerQUALITIESAbility to communicateAttention to detailsNegotiationLeadership DelegationProblem solving abilityChange-management abilityMethodologiesChallenges and techniquesFailure to manage risksInsufficient team skillsUnclear goals and objectivesCommunication deficitLack of customer and end-user involvementBibliographyRelated Introduction This assignment covers the essential qualities, experiences and methodologies that a project manager should possess in order to plan execute and close a project. It also covers the challenges faced and the the techniques needs to resolve those challenges. Project management Project management is the process by which projects are defined, planned, monitored, controlled and delivered such that the agreed benefits are realised. (Association of project management) It is the term used to describe the application of knowledge, skills, tool and techniques to project activities in order to meet or exceed stakeholder’s needs and expectations from the project. Project manager Is the individual in charge of the progress and performance of the project, on behalf of the owner of the project. A project manager is a professional in the field of project management. Project managers are responsible for planning, execution, controlling and closing of the projects; typically relating to IT, construction, computer networking, telecommunications and software development. QUALITIES Following are some of the essential qualities that a project manager should possess in order to manage a project successfully. And the details of the methodologies and experiences used by successful project managers in achieving the desired results from a project. Without having these qualities, experiences and applying these methods the desired objectives of the projects are not likely to be achieved. Ability to communicate A project manager must be a good communicator, without effective and on time communication of the tasks with the team members, suppliers, subcontractors, top-management, clients and other stakeholders the project is bound to fall behind schedule. Effective and timely communication is a key to teamwork, if the tasks are not agreed and assigned to team members, and time to time assistance is not provided the project is likely to take longer time to complete. A high level of communication is crucial at the early stage of the project to establish good working relationship within the team as well as setting and agreeing the expectations with the client. Project manager can involve the team members in decision making to ensure that they own the decisions and give their best to make the project work as per plan. (Management-Hub, 2011) Communication is vital for the progression of the project, identification of potential problem, generating solutions, keeping up to date with the customer requirements and perceptions of the team. All these tasks require good amount of oral communication that is why good managers spend more time on listening than talking. A good project manager should visit all the individuals at work in the team; discuss any ideas or suggestions that they have in their mind on how the performance can be improved and how efficiently the project is moving forward. Attention to details A good project manager should have attention to details, as without having a detailed knowledge and understanding of the project, costly mistakes are likely to happen. As every project is unique in terms of its requirements, if the managers do not have attention to details, any slight miscalculation may cause the project to delay on scheduled time. That may mean that the project would cost more than what was originally budgeted for. For example in most of the web based projects, the clients are required to provide data. If the project manager just keeps the item as just â€Å"client have to provide product data† it would not be enough. The manager would have to keep the details of type, structure and volume etc. of the data. If the project manager does not keep these details when the data arrives it will cause delays in the project time and hence my cause the delay of the whole project. This is just one example of how the absence of details can cause delay, if the details are missing it will cost time and eventually more cost, as the longer the project takes to complete the more it will cost. Ideally a project manager has to have all the details upfront of the events to deal with the project. If the project manager relies on team members, and do not keep an eye on details him and the team members do not remind the project leader of those critical events the project is bound to go beyond the scheduled time. So to avoid any delay in time and extra costs the project manager has to keep the details of the project. (martin bauer, 2008) Negotiation Negotiation is a process of satisfying a projects needs by reaching an agreement with stakeholders. Project manager will have to negotiate on a variety of project issues including availability and level of resources, priorities, schedule, cost, procedures, and quality and people issues. The project manager may have to negotiate with someone who has no direct authority over him/her (e.g. customer) or with someone who he/she has no direct control over (e.g. consultants). The project manager should have the ability to manage the outcome of a negotiation so that the differences of each side can be kept to minimum and the conflict can be avoided. Leadership Leadership is the ability to get results from others through personal directions and influences. In project management it means influencing others through personality or actions of the project manager. Project manager alone cannot finish the whole project; it is the project team who completes the project. A project manager should have the ability to motivate and persuade the project team to create a team objective that they want to be a part of. A good project manager would have the ability to participate as well as provide consultation to the team members. A project manager should provide overall direction but should not be prescriptive or autocratic in their approach. A project manager should have skills to empower the project team members, empowerment gives them a feel that they are part of the project, and it helps keep them motivated and perform their part of the project at their best. Delegation A good project manager would have the ability to delegate tasks to team members to ease the stress created by deadlines. As delegation is based on trust, if the manager delegates the task to team members, they would know that the manager have a faith in them. It will not only make them feel motivated but also more responsible for the outcome of the project. (Buzzle, 2011) Problem solving ability Project managers inevitably face numerous problems, but a good project manager would have the ability to tackle these problems well. The project manager would encourage the team members to find out problems within their tasks on their own and try to solve them on their own. However if the problems are crucial and large the team members should report it to the project manager. The project manager then can lead the problem solving process. Effective team member would help finding out the problem and suggest the possible solutions. However being on the optimum position, the project manager would have through understanding of the ‘big picture’ that how it will affect the final outcome of the project. Change-management ability One thing is certain in every project, and that is change. Change may be requested by the customer, project team, caused by unexpected events during the performance of the project, or required by the users of the final project. Therefore it is crucial that the project manager has the ability to manage and control the change. The project manager would have the quality to keep the effect of the change on the final results of the project to minimum. Generally it depends on the time in the project life cycle when the change is identified. Later the change is identified it is likely to have more impact on achieving the project objectives successfully. Project budget and timescales are most likely to be affected by the change. If the customer demands change the manager would contact the relevant individual in the team to estimate the impact of the change on schedule and budget. Project manager then would present these estimates to the customer for approval prior to implementation of the change. Some changes are necessary as a result of unexpected events, for example material shortage or loss of a key member of team. The manager would require changing the plan to incorporate any such change. Project may need some changes as a result of final user requirements. In many projects for example in IT related projects, the project manager is not only responsible for designing, development and implementation of the new system, but also that the user accepts the final outcome of the project. This will require project manager to regularly communicate with the final user of the project during the entire project life cycle. Methodologies   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   System development life cycle Figure 01 System development life cycle is a conceptual framework use in project management; that describes the different stages involved in the information systems development, from initial feasibility study through to maintenance of the final outcome of the project. (SDLC, 2011) Below are the systems development life cycle stages: Feasibility: this stage decides on whether the project should go ahead or not. If the project should go ahead, then this stage will provide the plan for future stages. Requirement analysis and design: on this stage the requirements of the system are specified, so that a design for the development can be created. Managers on this stage analyse the requirements realistically, and engage all the stakeholders in specifying the design of the system. Implementation: once the design is decided upon the system can then be implemented. On this stage the designs are designed into codes, computer programmes are written using the coding language. High level programming like C++ and Java are used for programming on this stage. With respect to the type of application, right type of language is chosen. Testing: on this stage the programmes are tested. Programmes are written as a series of individual modules. Each module on this state is tested to ensure that they are error free before making it part of the whole programme. Then finally the system is tested as a whole, this insures that the interfaces between systems works, and the system fulfils the user requirements. Maintenance: software’s inevitably need change; once the system is delivered the system will definitely need some changes. The system should be developed to accommodate the change that is inevitable after the delivery of the system.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   PRINCE2 Figure 02 PRINCE2 is an acronym for projects in controlled environment. It’s a project management method that managers use to execute projects efficiently and effectively. Control in this context is any mechanism that is designed to ensure that the project meets its objectives. Prince2 contains a large number of control elements. Although initially it was intended to manage IT projects it can be applied to all kind of projects of all sizes. The main reason why the managers use this model is that it delivers a successful project. That is the delivery of the agreed outcome, on time, within budget and conforming to the quality standards. Below are the main features of PRINCE2. It enforces a clear structure of authority and responsibility on the project team. The structure of reporting and supervision ensures that each party has clear objectives and they are supported in achieving those objectives. It ensures the production of a number of management products associated with the management and control of the project. These include project initiation document, budget of the project, project plan and other progress reports. It includes a number of different types of plans, ensuring that all the participants in the project have a clear understanding of the tasks to be completed, the relationship between them and their roles in the task’s completion. It also provides managers with several quality controls, such as clearly defined and documented technical and management procedures. These ensure that the project tasks are completed on time and at the appropriate quality standards. (Field, 1998) Prince2 is relatively simple project management methodology in practice; following are the benefits of using prince2 It provides managers the consistency of approach Prince2 focuses on business justification It enables managers a greater control over plan by regularly reviewing the progress of the project Prince2 helps managers in engaging the stakeholders in before it is too late It helps managers as well as team members continually improve their work through sharing the lessons learned Prince2 helps establishing the competencies that are required to perform the project Six-sigma Figure 03 The process steps go by the acronym DMAIC-S which stands for Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve, control and when it is finished Synergize through the organisation. Six sigma projects can be defined as the process through with the companies can reduce defects and improve the quality of their processes. It is a process improvement and defect control methodology that has its roots in improving manufacturing and product development processes. Six-sigma is used by the project managers to improve business performance and obtain measurable financial results. For achieving organisational objective now a days projects managers use quality improvement methodologies like Total Quality Management, Total Quality Control and six-sigma across all functions throughout the project. Motorola is known for the invention and use of six-sigma, who has attained the top quality of just 3.4 defects per million in its production line. Allied signal and general electrics have also been known for the use of six sigma in their production processes, to bring the dramatic quality improvements in their operations. Six sigma helps managers improve on quality and reduce defects in the projects. Challenges and techniques   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Unrealistic deadlines Often project deadlines are set on faulty or unrealistic assumptions. Unrealistic deadlines cause stress to the managers to find the alternative ways to complete the tasks on time. This could happen mainly if the project manager is not involved in setting the delivery date of the project. Unrealistic deadlines do not only stresses the participants but also demotivates the team when they know that the deadlines cannot actually be met. (project management course, 2011) Techniques: The project manager can manage the stress through creative planning, search for the alternative ways to perform the task, and by communicating the reality to the participants of the project. An activity based technique model can be used by the manager to realistically draw up the whole lot of activities graphically. The manager would also find out what tasks are more critical for the success of the project, so that more resources and attention can be put into those tasks. Failure to manage risks Often in project plans, a list of risks is included. If these risks are not further investigated and worked on, they may become a real challenge when the risk arises. IT projects are more vulnerable to risks. Security of data, storage and integrity of data are the real challenges. If these risks are not considered fully, and the steps to control these risks are not taken the projects are likely to fail. Techniques: once the project risks are known, the project team can either make a plan of action to reduce the chances of their occurrence. Or alternatively a reactive plan can be made to deal with the consequences if the risk arises. It depends mainly on the probability and the impact it may have on the outcome of the project. If both the probability and consequences are high, the project team may choose to plan how to deal with its consequences. (project management course, 2011) Insufficient team skills In many projects most of the team members are assigned the tasks based on their availability. If this is the case they would lack the proper knowledge and skills to perform these tasks successfully. They may not even inform the project manager because of their ego that they don’t have the necessary skills to perform these tasks. And the project may suffer delay or even failure due to lack of skills in the team members. Techniques: the whole lot of skills needed for the project should be enlisted. And the team members as well as manager should be tested against that check list, to ensure that the manager and the team have the necessary skills, to perform the project tasks successfully. If some key skills are missing in the team members, the manager can send the individuals on training course or alternatively an external advisor can be hired to train a number of team member. If the skills required are one off and exceptional, the project manager may decide to buy the services of subcontractors. Unclear goals and objectives Projects often fail because of unclear goals and objective. If the project manager does not clearly communicate the goals and objectives to the team members, they would not be certain about what they are supposed to achieve. It would not only make the team members feel less motivated, but also cause the project fail to achieve its objectives. (Pmis, 2011) Techniques: it is the duty of the project manager to explain the project objectives and goals to the team. He/ she should demonstrate the importance and the benefits that the project’s success would have for the organisation and team members. This should happen at the first project meeting, and the manager should make sure that the whole team understands the project objectives. The manager can discuss with the team which parts they did not understood, so that he/she can explain it to them and make things clear. Communication deficit Many projects fail due to lack of communication, project managers and team members often do not provide enough information to enough people. Project managers often fail to call regular meetings with team members and other stakeholders due to work load and busy schedule. This eventually leaves team members with insufficient information to perform their tasks successfully. Techniques: Project documents, such as plans and budgets must be kept up to date and circulated to the team members regularly. A proper communication flow to all the participants of the project should be set including the reports status feeds etc. The project manager should also encourage open and frank discussion amongst the participants of the project both formally and informally. Lack of customer and end-user involvement Often the project team member and managers get hooked on meeting the internal deadlines, deliverables and processes but the customer and end users are left out. This leaves no input from them on the critical phases of the project. If the customers say is not involved in the project, the final outcome is likely to fail to fulfil its objectives. Techniques: the manager should arrange regular meetings with all the participants of the project including customers and end users. Regular briefings, status updates can also provide them with the information they need, so that they can give their input/feedback in the on-going planning of the project. The end users can also be invited to visit the site and request their input in the project, to ensure that the final project meets the needs of the customers and end-users. (project management course, 2011) Bibliography martin bauer. (2008, 05 25). Retrieved 05 08, 2011, from martinbauer.: martinbauer.com/Articles/Qualities-of-a-Great-Project-Manager Buzzle. (2011, 05 06). Retrieved 05 06, 2011, from Buzzle: buzzle.com/articles/what-makes-a-good-project-manager.html Management-Hub. (2011, 05 05). Retrieved 05 05, 2011, from Management-Hub: management-hub.com/project-manager-qualities.html Pmis. (2011, 05 05). Retrieved 05 05, 2011, from Most common challanges of projects: pmis.co.uk/what-goes-wrong-with-projects.htm project management course. (2011, 05 04). Retrieved 05 04, 2011, from Top 10 project management challenges: http://projectmanagementcourse.com/project-challenges.html SDLC. (2011, 05 03). Retrieved 05 03, 2011, from SDLC: startvbdotnet.com/sdlc/sdlc.aspx Field, M. a. (1998). Project Management. In M. a. Field, Project Management. London: International Thomson Publishing. Maylor, H. (2003) Project Management. Ft Prentice Hall. Gido, J.and Clements, J. (1999), Successful Project Management. The open university. London.

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Trans National corporations (TNCs) today are seen as the main drivers of globalisation; they are the primary beneficiaries of international trade and the most powerful promoter of liberalisation, deregulation and privatisation of production. TNCs are global interconnected businesses which segment the manufacturing process, due to collapse of trade barriers and global regulations (Buckley and Ghauri, 2004). This outsourcing multiple partial operation approach of production combined with the development of cheap transportation and communication networks has allowed an increasing division of production globally. This spatial dispersion of economic activity (Sassen, 2001) has allowed for TNC’s to outsource manufacturing to subtracting independents many of which are located within South East Asia and Mexico. This outsourcing approach allows for companies to meet the demand of the consumer induced population whilst maintaining profits and cheap transportation and communication costs (Claval, 1998). This reorganisation of production overseas resulted in the expansion of international trade and the integration of financial markets. The expansion and spatial dispersion of economic activity has brought about capital mobility. This reorganisation of the financial industry has been typified by the sharp growth production of innovation and multiplication of financial firms whilst shifting the industry away from American transnational banks to major hubs of finance. The integration of markets being a defining characteristic of globalisation (Buckley and Ghauri, 2004) has enabled the integration of local markets into regional trading systems which obtain continental links as a result of the overseas journey of innovation. This spatial change of economic activity from the movement of jobs from highly developed areas to less developed low wage locations has enabled capital mobility. This is not only comprised spatially but through the technologies that provide capital mobility and by maintenance of the decentralised global production system (Sassen, 1988). This increased mobility of capital has altered the geographic or ganisation of production and the network of financial markets whilst reorganising the employment structure. Financial markets goods, services or labour are all moving towards social integration. This change has meant no individual national capital market can have a sustainable independent existence. Regional economic integration is becoming increasingly efficient in integrating goods and services whereas labour markets are functionally separate at national level and integration being resisted by national governments (Buckley et al, 2001). 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This continuous building of high rise office complexes accelerates land price triggering a competition for land. This process of agglomeration represents a phase in the formation and expansion of an industrial complex controlled by command functions and finance; whilst referring to benefits that accumulate when firms locate in â€Å"propinquity† to one another (Bingham Mier, 1993). Alfred Marshall a leading economist observed that firms often continued to cluster successfully in the same locations because of knowledge â€Å"spillovers†, local and non-traded inputs and a local skilled labour pool (McCann, 2013). Marshalls’ model looks at how individuals acquire skills by interacting with one another with denser areas increasing in rate; with the strength of the economy rising there is a higher mean and variance of skills (Glaeser, 1999). The integration of local and national economies into an agglomeration whilst unchanged by protectionism allow for economic grow th. Wealth will be created and shared with more people to enjoy the benefits of modernisation, technological advancements and society. However critics may argue that globalisation has resulted in the clustering of the affluent and educated class whilst fracturing working classes and marginalising the poor who may not have the skills and economic asset to gain from an open market approach (Guttal, 2007). The agglomeration approach gives sense to global cities; bases of spatial organisation and communication of production and markets (Duffy, 1995). On a smaller scale â€Å"second cities† such as Birmingham have consolidated position as the source of services for businesses. The process allows similar or like economies and industries to cluster together in order to raise price, competition and consumers to raise their economic profile. Allowing benefits from reduced transport and negotiating costs, pool of labour and the sharing of speciality machinery (Bingham Mier, 1993). This competition for inner city location can be monitored by the Bid Rent model by Alonso, 1964 (McCann, 2013). However once a centre of agglomeration has occurred it becomes difficult for institutions to locate outside of the area due to the profound benefits and links that have evolved, however FDI may offer a solution. Within the recent global economy the emphasis of new investment and transactions is centred by Foreign Direct Investment (FDI); the allowance to inquire a firm in a foreign country (Sassen, 2000). In recent years the internationalisation of production to developing economies has been the main focus. Throughout the 1990’s developing countries had a lower investment flow than developed countries; it was still observed as high in historic terms, hence reflecting the growing internationalisation of economic activity (Sassen, 2000). Expansion of economic growth driven by the outsourcing and investment of primarily manufacturing has enabled areas such as China to grow and become a global economic driver. The urban economic agglomeration which occurs throughout China has enabled itself to be an economic superpower (Chow, 2002). The rise of China has enabled a manufacturing, production and service base for a labour intensive industry. The optimum location can thrive off a growing economy with the ability to absorb raw materials whilst having in exhaustible cheap labour for production and a growing internal market. Since 2003, China has been the main location of Asian exports and served as the primary incentive of growth within the world’s economy over the past decade (Guttal, 2007). The more recent approach of The Asian Tiger economies has led to the independence of Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore and South Korea. By the twenty-first century all four nations had seen advancements towards high income economies, specialising in aspects of competition. This enhancement altered their global economic structure; changing from traditional, agriculturally based societies to rapidly growing NIC’s with economic centres (Davies and Gonzalez, 2003). An expansion of these economies led to the snowball effect of â€Å"second-tier† East Asian developing economies; the emergence of Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. With the resurgence of Asia being the most significant global shift; becoming economic focuses within the spatial economy (Dicken, 2007). The agglomeration of local goods and services enables the â€Å"death of distance† (Cairncross, 1997), the reduction of friction of services between goods and individuals. This Global process does not solely just affect economic activities it affects the social and population structure of a city. Due to the diversification of cultures and norms across globalisation, population groups can agglomerate together. The creative class brings innovative new ideas to create change (Clifton, 2008). This innovation of clustering has enabled creative connectivity and the ability of creative individuals to push forwards to the frontiers of research within MNE’s. This area of potential allows the integration of individuals (Antonelli, 2000). It has been noted by academics that population loss within a city can occur due to globalisation; largest decrease in inner city areas (Duffy, 1995). Housing and workplaces were cleared in replace of lower income density housing and public amenities. However the opposite occurred in other locations known as counter-urbanisation. Within the core of the city homes and amenities where produced to attract the middle class back into the city, with the attempt of inner city redevelopment. Thus as a result of globalisation a snowball effect happened with the migration of the population which in turn led to redevelopment of the inner city. As Duffy (1995) states a city shall strive higher if there is a mix of population and norms as opposed to a uniform homogenous landscape. Whilst Glaeser identifies that high skilled and high income workers migrate back to city centres as a result of re-urbanisation as part of the consumer city hypothesis (McCann, 2013). Nonetheless there are challenges in which affect regions, whilst large markets offer investors great liquidity and competitive prices of stocks and greater security. Agglomerations of economic power in major metropolitan regions cause the peripheral areas of regions to be plundered for their raw materials and inexpensive unskilled labour intensive rolls. This economic clustering causes greater income inequalities whilst destroying the linkages of local communities and the homogenisation culture of western values (Buckley and Ghauri, 2004). However Rugman (2000) found that it is hard to address these issues because they hit directly at the logistics of a capitalist approach. For example due to the dynamics of the market system old jobs are destroyed whilst new jobs are being created and as the process escalates jobs become ever more insecure (Burchell et al, 2005). In conclusion the outsourcing and global expansion approach offers profound effects on cities and economic activities. Cities which were once industrialising hubs have lost the capital from old industrial centres and have transformed into the inflow of capital into NIC’s and TNC’s (Sassen, 2001). Globalisation has allowed for the development of physical and technological infrastructure enabling global linkages and the share of economic activity through the internet being the backbone of society (Castell, 2001). The interconnectedness of cultures and norms through the realms of trade offers endless benefits and negatives throughout spatial economies and cities. Development of economies can be modelled using regional econometric models which look at economic linkages that exist within and between regions worldwide. The model can predict that an increase in regional wage can have a long term effect on the population balance through in-migration; occurring whenever the regi onal wage rises relative to the national wage (Armstrong Taylor, 2000). Models allow prediction of the affects globalisation has spatially allowing analysis and discussion. Reference List Antonelli, C. (2000) Restructuring and innovation in long-term regional change, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp.373-394. Armstrong, H. and Taylor, J. (2000) Regional Economics and Policy, 3rd Ed. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 437. Berkens, H.J.J.G. (2004) Global Opportunities and Institutional Embeddedness, UNITISK, Czech Republic Bingham, R.D. and Mier, R. (1993) theories of local economic development: perspecvtives across the discipline, SAGE publications, California, 319 Buckley, P.J., Clegg, J., Forsans, N. and Reilly, K.T. (2001) Increasing the size of the ‘country: regional economic integration and foreign direct investment in a globalised world economy’, Management International Review, vol.41, issue 3, pp. 251-274. Buckley, P.J. and Ghauri, P.N. (2004) Globalisation, Economic Geography and the Strategy of Multinational Enterprises, Journal of International Business Studies, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 81-98 Burchell, B., Ladipo, D. and Wilkinson, F. (2005) Job Insecurity and Work Intensification, Routledge, London New York, pp.240 Cairncross, F. (1997) The Death of Distance: How the Communications Revolution will change our lives, Harvard Business School Press, Boston Chow, C.G (2002) Chinas economic transformation, Blackwell, Oxford Claval, P. (1998) An Introduction to Regional Geography, Blackwell Publisher, pp.299 Clifton, N. (2008) The â€Å"Creative Class† In the UK: An initial Analysis, Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography, vol. 90, issue1, pp.63–82. Davies, J.C. and Gonzalez, J.G. (2003) Scholarly Journal Articles about the Asian Tiger Economies: Authors, Journals and Research Fields, 1986-2001, Asian-Pacific Economic Literature, vol.17, issue 2, pp.51-61. Dicken, P. (2007) Global Shift: Mapping the Changing Contours of the World Economy, 5th Ed. SAGE publications ltd, London pp.599 Duffy, H. (1995) Competitive Global cities: Succeeding in the Global Economy, Chapman Hall, London, 195. Freidman, T, L. (2007) The world is flat: A brief history of the Twentieth Century, (3rd Ed.), Picador, New York Glaeser, E.L. (1999) Learning in Cities, Journal of Urban Economics, vol.46, issue 2, pp. 254-277. Guttal, S. (2007) Globalisation. Development in practice, vol.17, no.4/5, pp.523-531 Julius, D. (1997) Globalisation and Stakeholder Conflicts: A Corporate Perspective, International Affairs, vol. 73, no.3, pp. 453-468 Scholte, J.A. (1997) Global Capitalism and the state, International affairs, vol. 73, no.3, pp.427-452 Sassen, S. (1988) The mobility of labour and capital: A study in international investment and labour flow. London: Cambridge university press Sassen, S. (2000) Cities in a world economy 2nd Ed. Pine forge Press, California, 182. Sassen, S. (2001) The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo, 2nd ed, Princeton University Press, pp.447. Sideri, S. (1997) Globalisation and regional integration, European Journal of Development Research, vol 9, issue 1, pp. 38-81. NEED McCann 2013 Rugman 2000 Castell 2001 Page 1 of 11

Multiple Personality Disorder :: Disorder Psychological Personalities Essays

Multiple Personality Disorder   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  More than two million cases can be found altogether in psychological and psychiatric records of multiple personality disorder also called dissociative identity disorder. It is often thought that multiple personality disorder is a trick, a bizarre form of "play-acting" that is committed by manipulative, attention-seeking individuals. It is not. Multiple personality disorder is a "disorder of hiding" wherein 80-90% of multiple personality disorder patients do not have a clue that they have the disorder. Most know that there is something wrong with them; many fear that they are crazy, but few know that they have a disorder. What is Multiple Personality Disorder?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Multiple personalities is a dissociate reaction to stress in which the patient develops two or more personalities. Each personality has a distinct, well-developed emotional and thought process and represents a unique and relatively stable personality. The individual may change from one personality to another at periods varying from a few minutes to several years. The personalities are usually very different and have different attitudes; one may be happy, carefree and fun loving, and another quiet, studious, and serious.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  People can have up to fifty personalities or more. All personalities usually will have their own name and their own role. For example one personality can be the keeper of pain, his role is to take and feel all the pain that the other personalities come in contact with. The personality also can have their own appearance, but this does not mean the person changes its outer image it is just the way he/she sees inside his/her head. The personalities will also have different ages, talents, and likes and dislikes. For example:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the novel, The Minds of Billy Miligin, there was a man who had twenty-four personalities. All of his twenty-four personalities were different. They had different ages, their own appearance, and some were of the opposite sex. The personalities all had their own role and their own talents. There was one personality that was right handed all others were left handed, only one smoked, one had a British accent another Slavic. Many used their own talents some liked to paint, one was an escape artist, one was a karate expert and another a sculptor.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Various types of relationships may exist between the different personalities. Usually the individual alternates from one personality to the other, and can not remember in one, what happened in the other. Occasionally however while one personality is dominant and functions consciously, the other continues to function sub-consciously and is referred to the co conscious personality.

Air Pollution Essay

1. Introduction The Air- the atmosphere around us play an enormous part in our lives. It provides oxygen and other gases that are essential for the survival of human being and plants. The appearance of it is the only thing that would make the Earth different from other dead-planet. However, in recent year, the technological development has led to over-use harmful toxic; the Air now has been seriously damaged not only in developed countries but also in developing nations like Vietnam. A research has been carried out by EPI shown that the air quality in Vietnam is among top ten most nation (rank 123rd) (Youthnews 2012). The concentration of dust, fumes and other poison gases in metropolis namely Hanoi, HCM city†¦ are at the alarming rate. If there is nothing done about it, Vietnam will soon suffering the consequences. This paper is to give the audience a clearer view of air pollution in Vietnam including reasons, affects and suggesting solutions. 2. Discussion of finding 2.1 Reasons 2.1.2 Motor vehicles There are several causes of air pollution; the vast majority of them can be attributed by man. Many people are unaware of the serious problems they expose to the world by letting such dangerous chemical, vehicles smokes†¦in to the air. As in the big cities; one of the main sources of polluted air is due to motor vehicles (up to 70%). The economic growth in the past ten years reflects in the increasing large number of vehicles. It is undeniable that motorbikes are one of the most common transportation in Vietnam. According to IQ Air newspaper they accounted for 95 percents in total number of transport. Average, each family owns a motorbike and at the end of 2010, the number of motorbike and cars reached at over 30 millions. Cars and other vehicles produce air pollution throughout their life because the use of fossil fuel. Imagine, everyday, in the rush hour, millions of motorbikes letting out emission into the air at the same time. The VNS ( 2007 ) has revealed that in rush hour from 5pm to 7 pm the levels of dust is four time higher than normal. That means tons, millions kilograms of gases, fume, C02, N0x would poison the air and could not be able to clean. On the other hand more and more, over a thousand, new motorbikes finish each day. As a  result there will be more polluted highways, and roads and more congestion. Another striking fact that the World Air Quality Index has indicated Hanoi has the high level of PM2.5 and PM10 which mainly emitted by transports as well as stood at â€Å"Unhealthy â€Å"stage which shown that everybody living in Hanoi would be affected. 2.1.2 Industrial areas Industrial also contributes significantly to the pollution especially for areas near the sources. Although industrialization has helped in technological progress and enhance people living standard but the price we have to pay for this is too huge especially to air pollution. There are 256 large industrial sources from North to South and thousands of other small scale factories around them (Wikipedia 2006). Many of these areas contain small factories with the high levels of indoor pollutant. Factories always linked with manufacturing products and require using all kind of materials in the process. These components after being disposed have to be removed out of the factories. Each years, they released ton of toxic chemicals namely nitrogen dioxide, methane †¦ to the air throughout the chimneys. According to regular statistical investigations. in Vietnam each year there are 30,000 tons of wastes mainly industrial waste and domestic garbage as well as chemical one (Vietnamnet 2013) . Surprisingly that, industrial wastes mostly generated from industrial parks in the northern and southern areas account for 80%. It is said that 50% to 70 % of this wastes can be recycled to make up new energy but actually only 10% of them has been reuse. These amount wastes of waste continue to pollute the environment. 2.2 Health effects Health impact of air pollution depends on the pollutant type, its concentration in the air, length of exposure, other pollutants in the air, and individual susceptibility. Different people are affected by air pollution in different ways. Generally, for young people who in a good state of health, the impacts of air pollution in a short term would not be a serious problem. But a long term access to polluted air can lead to serious symptoms mainly related to lung cancer and cardiovascular systems (heart function and blood circulation) as well as skin and eyes diseases. Dr Nguyen Xuan Nghiem of the National Hospital for Tuberculosis and Lung Disease said  that their facilities were not meeting the demand of patients. He also claimed that the reason is a fall in air quality (VNS 2007). PM 10 which is defined as a collection of very small liquid , solid in the air mostly come from human activity such as burning coal , fossil fuel ..Breathing the air having a high concentration of it can massively damaged your inner organs including strokes brain, low level of oxygen in blood, increase heart rate, asthma. It is announced that 900 deaths each year in New Zealand due to PM 10. The problem is according to an environmental project , Hanoi and HCM city have the amount of it over 20 times to the rule set by WHO ( VNS 2007 ). A research by the Minister of Health indicated that in each 100000 people, 4,100 (4, 1%) has lung cancer and 3,800 has to deal with throats and tonsils problems (Vietnamnet Bridge) However the most vulnerable groups are children, pregnant women, the elderly or housewives who are use biomass fuel for cooking. A research carry Southern California Children’s Health (2013) in over 1000 children between the periods of 10 to 18 year old has shown that those living in the polluted area must deal with a higher risk of underdeveloped lungs. Their lungs only worked as 80% of a normal child that age and might never be fully recover. A further study by Environmental Health Perspectives (2014) indicates that the chances of getting high blood sugar would be twice for pregnant one. High blood sugar during pregnancy might lead to unpredictable consequences for both mother and the baby such as preterm birth and obesity†¦ Researchers produced a test in 2000 women in Boston and find out that the chief culprit is PM 2.5 near their living areas. 3. Conclusion From all the findings above, it is obvious that Vietnam air quality is witnessed a decrease in The past 10 years to now. The level of pollution increase day by day due to the enormous number of transportation and the activities related to industrial areas. This circumstance leads to many impacts as well as deadly diseases on citizen’s health. The government , recently, has been trying to increase their role by indicating some projects to enhance the air quality including building air quality monitoring stations near polluted areas ( VNS 2012 ) in the period of 2016-2020 and 3R ( reduce , reuse , recycle ) . Waste management will help to limited the environment pollution and free a large land areas using for  dumping garbage. Since 2005, Vietnam has enforced the Euro 2 ration for vehicles ‘emission (Pham Oanh 2013). The Prime Minister also delivered a law to controlling the amount of automobiles and cars in cities and province zones. Furthermore, they should improve the public transport to encourage people using them. As a result, fewer motors and cars will reduce the amount of emission. For citizens to protect yourselves and the Air here are some suggestions. For example, when you stop at the red light more than 20 seconds, turn off the engine. It is also recommend wearing mask and glasses to prevent dust and other harmful gases. We all have a responsibility to make sure that we use better practices to deal with air pollution. If there are not any actions taken seriously our lives and our next generation will be greatly threatened. Hopefully in the near future, our air will become fresher and Vietnam economy would continue to be one of Asia’s dragons without hurting the environment.

Genetic Engineering1 essays

Genetic Engineering1 essays Fetal DNA modification, what is it? Fetal DNA Modification is a type of germ line gene therapy, but it is only performed on fetuses. This is because of their abnormalities of their gene makeup that could cause hereditary disease. If a genetic disease is found during the test of the amniotic fluid, then Fetal DNA therapy could be an excellent choice. Since the human genome project is nearly completed there is now the knowledge of where each gene in the human body is located and what its use is. With this knowledge Scientists can take viruses and change their genetic makeup to be able to fix the abnormalities that the growing fetuses have due to their genes. Due to evolution viruses have evolved to be able to penetrate the cell membranes and take over their reproductive capabilities of a cell. In doing so the cell reads the viruses genetic coding rather then its own and replicates with the viruses DNA. If we can successfully inject virus DNA that has its genes sequence changed s o what was abnormal with the original fetus is now fixed in the viruses genetic code. We would then be able to change the fetuses genetic makeup and the child to be born would no longer have the hereditary disease, or the genes to pass it on to its offspring. The possible problems with this treatment is that we could create mentally or physically retard babies in trying to change their genes because we do not know a lot about the procedure. Another problem is many people think that it is playing god, and that it is disturbing evolution that has occurred for the betterment of man over many thousands of years. The way you need to evaluate biotechnology to determine if it is ethical is make sure it meets 4 credentials. They are Autonomy, which is, if you have the choice to do it or not. The second is nonmaleficence which is saying it isnt ethical if it risks harming or is going to harm someone, the third is beneficence which questions if i...

When to Use the Familiar Forms of You in Spanish

When to Use the Familiar Forms of You in Spanish Spanish has two sets of pronouns that mean you- the familiar informal you, which is tà º in the singular and vosotros in the plural, and the formal you, which is usted in the singular and ustedes in the plural. They are often a source of confusion for Spanish students. While there are not any rules that are always valid for determining which one to use, the guide below will help steer you in the right direction when you are deciding on which pronoun to go with. Formal vs. Informal First, while there are exceptions, the basic difference between the familiar and the formal pronouns is that the former is typically used for friends and family members, while the formal is for use in other situations. You might think of the distinction as something like the difference, at least in the United States, between addressing someone by a first name or something more formal. The danger of using the familiar form when you should not is that you may come across as insulting or condescending to the person you are speaking to, even if you do not intend to. And if you may come across as distancing if you stick to the formal when the informal would be appropriate. In general, you should use the formal forms of you unless there is a reason to use the familiar form. That way, you are safely coming across as polite rather than risking being rude. Situations to Apply Formal Forms There are two situations where the formal form is almost always used: In most of Latin America, the plural familiar form (vosotros) is nearly extinct for everyday conversation. Parents will address even their children as ustedes, something that sounds overly conservative to most Spaniards.There are a few regions, notably in parts of Colombia, where the informal singular forms also are seldom used. Using the Familiar Form Safely Here is where it is generally safe to use the familiar form: When speaking with family members or good friends.When speaking to children.When talking to your pets.Usually, when someone starts addressing you as tà º. Generally, however, you should not respond in the familiar form if the person who addresses you as tà º is someone in a position of authority over you (such as a police officer).When someone lets you know its OK to address him or her in familiar terms. The verb for to speak to someone in familiar terms is tutear.When meeting peers, if is the custom in the region for your age group and social status. Take your cues from those around you and the person youre speaking with.In most Christian traditions, when praying to God. In some regions, another singular familiar pronoun,  vos,  is used with varying degrees of acceptance. In some areas, it has its own accompanying verb conjugations. Your use of tà º, however, will be understood in those areas. Other Familiar and Formal Forms The same rules that apply to tà º and vosotros that apply to other familiar forms: The singular te and the plural os are used as the familiar objects of verbs. The formal pronouns are more complicated: In standard Spanish, the formal singular forms are lo (masculine) and la (feminine) as direct objects but le as an indirect object. The corresponding plural forms are los (masculine or mixed-gender direct object), las (feminine direct object), and les (indirect object).The singular familiar possessive determiners are tu and tus, depending on whether the accompanying noun is singular or plural. (Note the lack of a written accent.) The plural determiners also vary depending on the number of the noun: vuestro, vuestra, vuestros, vuestras.The familiar long-form possessives are tuyo, tuya, tuyos, and tuyas in the singular. The plural forms are suyo, suya, suyos, and suyas. Familiar Forms in English Although distinctions between the formal and familiar may sound foreign to English speakers, English used to make similar distinctions. In fact, these distinctions can still be found in older literature, such as the writings of Shakespeare. In particular, the informal forms of Early Modern English are thou as a subject, thee as an object, and thy and thine as possessive forms. During that period, you was used as a plural instead of both singular and plural as it is today. Both tà º and thou come from the same Indo-European source, as do corresponding words in some other languages, such as du in German. Key Takeaways Spanish speakers uses formal and informal variations of their words for you and your that depend on the relationship between the speakers.In Spanish, the distinctions are made for both singular and plural forms of you, while in Latin America the distinctions exist only in the singular.Among other uses, the informal forms are used when speaking with family members, close friends, and children.